Completing the Picture-Capturing the Resistome in Antibiotic Clinical Trials

Adam G Stewart; Michael J Satlin; Sanmarié Schlebusch; Burcu Isler; Brian M Forde; David L Paterson; Patrick N A Harris

doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1877

Completing the Picture-Capturing the Resistome in Antibiotic Clinical Trials

Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Jun 15;72(12):e1122-e1129. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1877.

Authors

Adam G Stewart^{1

2}, Michael J Satlin³, Sanmarié Schlebusch^{1

4

5}, Burcu Isler¹, Brian M Forde^{6

7}, David L Paterson^{1

2

7}, Patrick N A Harris^{1

4

7}

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Campus, Brisbane, Australia.
² Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
³ Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
⁴ Department of Microbiology, Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
⁵ Forensic and Scientific Services, Health Support Queensland, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Australia.
⁶ School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
⁷ Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.

PMID: 33354717
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1877

Abstract

Despite the accepted dogma that antibiotic use is the largest contributor to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and human microbiome disruption, our knowledge of specific antibiotic-microbiome effects remains basic. Detection of associations between new or old antimicrobials and specific AMR burden is patchy and heterogeneous. Various microbiome analysis tools are available to determine antibiotic effects on microbial communities in vivo. Microbiome analysis of treatment groups in antibiotic clinical trials, powered to measure clinically meaningful endpoints would greatly assist the antibiotic development pipeline and clinician antibiotic decision making.

Keywords: antibiotic resistance; clinical trials; microbiome.

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
Anti-Infective Agents* / pharmacology
Clinical Trials as Topic
Drug Resistance, Microbial
Humans
Microbiota* / genetics

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents